De WikiCampus
Data de Leitura: 24 de Setembro de 2010
Assunto: Análise da apresentação nas redes sociais tendo em conta as teorias da apresentação do eu de Goffman e Mark Leary
Resumo: O artigo analisa a apresentação do eu no Facebook à luz das teorias de Goffman e Leary sobre esta temática (criadas antes do surgimento da Internet). O objectivo é perceber quais as especificidades que as redes sociais trazem às teorias já estabelecidas no seio da psicologia social e de que formas estas podem ser generalizadas à apresentação do eu no contexto on-line. Os autores não pretendem elaborar uma teoria alternativa sobre a auto-apresentação, mas sim revelar as coincidências e diferenças das teorias aplicadas ao novo contexto (das redes sociais). O estudo conclui que as teorias anteriormente estabelecidas aplicam-se em grande medida ao comportamento de auto-apresentação dos utilizadores do Facebook, apesar de em certos casos se tornarem ultrapassadas. O autor focou-se nas quatro técnicas de auto-apresentação de Leary: descrições próprias, demonstrações de atitude, comportamentos não-verbais e associações sociais. Cria a denominação “Computer-Mediated Tactility” (CMT) para aplicações no Facebook que permitem “brindar” os outros utilizadores com acções que envolveriam contacto físico, muitas delas surreais (p. ex. atirar alguém pela janela).
Palavras-Chave: Goffman, Leary, teoria, auto-apresentação, redes sociais, Facebook
Citações:
- “Sel-presentations become more important when people want to achieve something, such as improving or initiating relationships, doing well on a Job interview or obtaining sympathy. It is important for facilitating communication that we take care of how we look, smell and behave” (p. 4)
- “The self-presenters are the same people as before, but they have got a new self-presentational tool and a new arena for social interaction” (p. 6)
- “There seems to be an agreement that our offline identity affects our online identity. However, with the exchange if culture and identity on the Internet, and especially on social networking sites, it is quite possible that online sel-presentation affects offline identity formation (Kosanovic, 2006)” (p. 6 e 7)
- “Applying this to Facebook, the profile (home-)page would be the front area, whereas dyadic interaction (most notably the e-mail-like messages that are sent between users) and the physical person typing on the keyboard and editing his profile could be examples of backstage behaaviour” (p. 9)
- “The theories on self-presentation are based on studies of offline social interactions and they are therefore not necessarily adapted to an online environment” (p. 16)
- “This is perhaps the clearest border between back and front areas as regards Facebook. A person who is editing a Facebook profile is in two places at the same time. While the presented self is seen by others who look at the user’s profile, the ‘real’ person is the physical human sitting behind the computer screen. (…) ‘detached self.presentation’. While this person is busy with managing online impressions, he may not pay heed to his offline impression” (p. 16 e 17)
- “Thus, those who are high in self-monitoring and low on self-esteem and social skills will better be able to self-present if they feel they have more control” (p. 17)
- “On Facebook, the friends (i.e. the audience) are partly ‘blindfolded’ – they cannot see the person behind the screen and therefore this person does not feel as much anxiety as he or she would have felt in a face-to-face interaction” (p. 18)
- “(…) people consider their pictures to be the most important way of self-presenting; those who perceive themselves photogenous do not engage heavily in other forms of self-presentation because they have already done a successful self-presentation, whereas those who consider themselves less attractive wish to compensate” (p. 19)
- “By having the message ‘John decided to hug Anna’ on Anna’s profile, John does not only tell Anna that he likes her, but he may also increase his social status among their common friends. Furthermore, Anna will appear popular, especially if she frequently gets hugs or kisses from several people” (p. 20)
Comentários: Muito útil, visto relacionar a teoria de Goffman com o novo contexto do on-line. Para além disso, faz uma óptima descrição da teoria dramatúrgica, servindo como um resumo do pensamento de Goffman. Mostra as especificidades da teoria aplicada ao contexto das redes sociais.
Ver artigo aqui.
